In windows, Outlook can be used to operate Exchange Calendar locally.
As far as I know, DavMail Gateway is the best way to use Exchange Calendar in Mac.
Google Calendar is fantastic. But, iPhone with an existing exchange account cannot use it, especially after the release of OS 3.0, which changed the calendar database format on iPhone and the NemusSync, a program on jailbreaked iPhone, became no longer compatible. None App in iTunes AppStore can do the job - sync iPhone calendar with Google Calendar. It leaves my only option is to make iCal use Exchange Calendar. Oh, by the way, the ActiveSync from Exchange is really nice.
What is DavMail?
About DavMail POP/IMAP/SMTP/CalDav/LDAP Exchange Gateway
Ever wanted to get rid of Outlook ? DavMail is a POP/IMAP/SMTP/Caldav/LDAP exchange gateway allowing users to use any mail/calendar client (e.g. Thunderbird with Lightning or Apple iCal) with an Exchange server, even from the internet or behind a firewall through Outlook Web Access. DavMail now includes an LDAP gateway to Exchange global address book to allow recipient address completion in mail compoze window and full calendar support with attendees free/busy display.
The main goal of DavMail is to provide standard compliant protocols in front of proprietary Exchange. This means LDAP for address book, SMTP to send messages, IMAP to browse messages on the server in any folder, POP to retrieve inbox messages only and Caldav for calendar support. Thus any standard compliant client can be used with Microsoft Exchange.
DavMail gateway is implemented in java and should run on any platform. Releases are tested on Windows, Linux (Ubuntu) and Mac OSX. Tray does not work on MacOS and is replaced with a full frame. Tested successfully with the Iphone (gateway running on a server).
In short, it is an OpenSource project, coded in Java and free for use. The idea is to setup a local server which iCal, Directory, Mail programs can use and enable them to communicate with Microsoft Exchange Server.

I was tesing another solution on my Ubuntu/Linux, which failed because I have trouble to setup. The keyword to find related information is "evolution mapi".
The drawback of DavMail solution is that you have to have this program running 24/7 as a standalone window - it is because of some issue of the Java version in mac. It is OK. Thanks to the Spaces and Lingon project. It would be nice one day that DavMail could run as a service/daemon.

I am putting here what I did to use DavMail to operate my Exchange Calendar on my iMac. More details please visit http://davmail.sourceforge.net/
- Download DavMail Mac package from Sourceforge and unzip it into application folder

- Only enable the CalDav port (the image below also has LDAP enabled). I don't need to change under Proxy, Encryption, Advanced tabs. The OWA url worked for me is
http://exchange.ucsf.edu/owa/ - Open iCal and add an account. Use the exchange server user name and the following account URL (remember to replace mail@company.com with the actual user email)
http://localhost:1080/principals/users/mail@company.com - Create an item in Lingon to make sure DavMail will run 24/7.



[...] view my multiple google calendar in one place. UI is not great, but it just works. I use DavMail to sync the exchange calendar, which has most of my work schedules. GalenGoo comes handy to store/view my other [...]
I reverse back to Google calendar for now - because of my Android system could not handle exchange calendar!! Anyway... used Outlook Google Sync to transfer my calendar